The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, first published in 1776, is a foundational work in economics. In it, Smith explores the principles of free markets, the division of labour, and the role of self-interest in promoting economic prosperity. He argues that individuals acting in their own self-interest unintentionally contribute to the public good through the "invisible hand" of the market. The book laid the groundwork for modern economics, advocating for limited government intervention and the importance of trade and competition.